Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pandemics , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome , Child , Humans , COVID-19/complications , COVID-19/epidemiology , Israel/epidemiology , Pandemics/statistics & numerical data , SARS-CoV-2 , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/diagnosis , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/epidemiology , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/etiologySubject(s)
COVID-19 , Pandemics , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome , COVID-19/complications , Child , Humans , Incidence , Israel/epidemiology , Pandemics/statistics & numerical data , Patient Acuity , SARS-CoV-2 , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/diagnosis , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the Pediatric Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (PaedCTAS) in adolescent patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. METHODS: A time-series study was conducted in the Emergency Departments (EDs) of 17 public hospitals during the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant spread in Israel. Data were collected prospectively from June 11, 2021 to August 15, 2021. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify independent variables associated with hospital admission and with admission to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). RESULTS: During the study period, 305 SARS-CoV-2 patients ages 12-18 years presenting to the ED were included, and 267 (87.5%) were unvaccinated. Sixty-seven (22.0%) and 12 (3.9%) patients were admitted to pediatric wards and ICUs, respectively. PaedCTAS level 1-2 and the presence of chronic disease increased the odds of hospital admission (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 5.74, 95% CI, 2.30-14.35, p < 0.0001), and (aOR 2.9, 95% CI, 1.48-5.67, p < 0.02), respectively. PaedCTAS level 1-2 and respiratory symptoms on presentation to ED increased the odds of ICU admission (aOR 27.79; 95% CI, 3.85-176.91, p < 0.001), and (aOR 26.10; 95% CI, 4.47-172.63, p < 0.0001), respectively. PaedCTAS level 3-5 was found in 217/226 (96%) of the patients who were discharged home from the ED. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that PaedCTAS level 1-2 was the strongest factor associated with hospital and ICU admission. Almost all the patients who were discharged home had PaedCTAS level 3-5. Study findings suggest good performance of the PaedCTAS in this cohort.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Triage , Adolescent , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/therapy , Canada , Child , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Israel/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to describe the incidence and severity of ocular exposure to alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) in children presenting to a tertiary medical center during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic. METHODS: A retrospective single-center observational study conducted from February 21, 2020, to October 11, 2020. Subjects 10 years or younger who presented with ABHR-induced ocular injury were included. The same period from 2019 was studied and a comparison was performed between the 2 years. Outcome measures included the number of subjects with ocular injury due to ABHR, extent of ocular epithelial defects, length of hospitalization and time to resolution. RESULTS: A total of 9 patients presented to the Pediatric Emergency Department after sustaining ocular chemical injuries from ABHR during this period. Treatment included immediate irrigation followed by topical antibiotics, steroids, and lubrication. Six children were discharged and followed as outpatients with no reported adverse ocular sequelae. Three patients exhibited epithelial defects involving 85% to 100% of the cornea, 30% to 75% of the conjunctiva and required inpatient treatment ranging from 4 to 11 days. All patients experienced a complete resolution of the ocular epithelial defects after 12 to 19 days. No long-term irreversible damage was observed and visual acuity returned to normal in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: The utilization of ABHR during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic resulted in childhood ocular injury. Prompt treatment led to good visual outcomes. These products should be regarded as potentially toxic and stored out of the reach of young children.